Table 2.3—Cri­te­ria for screen­ing for di­a­betes or pre­di­a­betes in asymp­to­matic adults

1.Test­ing should be con­sid­ered in adults with over­weight or obe­si­ty (BMI ≥25 kg/​m2 or ≥23 kg/​m2 in Asian Amer­i­cans) who have one or more of the fol­low­ing risk fac­tors:

First-​de­gree rel­a­tive with di­a­betes

High-​risk race/​eth­nic­i­ty (e.g., African Amer­i­can, Lati­no, Na­tive Amer­i­can, Asian Amer­i­can, Pa­cif­ic Is­lander)

His­to­ry of CVD

Hy­per­ten­sion (≥140/​90 mmHg or on ther­a­py for hy­per­ten­sion)

HDL cho­les­terol lev­el <35 mg/​dL (0.90 mmol/​L) and/​or a triglyc­eride lev­el >250 mg/​dL (2.82 mmol/​L)

Women with poly­cys­tic ovary syn­drome

Phys­i­cal in­ac­tiv­i­ty

Oth­er clin­i­cal con­di­tions as­so­ci­at­ed with in­sulin re­sis­tance (e.g., se­vere obe­si­ty, acan­tho­sis ni­gri­cans)

2. Pa­tients with pre­di­a­betes (A1C ≥5.7% [39 mmol/​mol], IGT, or IFG) should be test­ed year­ly.

3.Women who were di­ag­nosed with GDM should have life­long test­ing at least every 3 years.

4.For all oth­er pa­tients, test­ing should be­gin at age 35 years.

5.If re­sults are nor­mal, test­ing should be re­peat­ed at a min­i­mum of 3-​year in­ter­vals, with con­sid­er­a­tion of more fre­quent test­ing de­pend­ing on ini­tial re­sults and risk sta­tus.

6.Peo­ple with HIV



CVD, car­dio­vas­cu­lar disease; GDM, ges­ta­tion­al di­a­betes mellitus; IFG, im­paired fast­ing glu­cose; IGT, im­paired glu­cose tol­er­ance.