1.8.0.0 Au­toim­mune Con­di­tions

1.8.1.0 Rec­om­men­da­tions

Be­cause of the in­creased fre­quen­cy of other au­toim­mune dis­eases in type 1 di­a­betes, screen­ing for thy­roid dysfunc­tion and celi­ac dis­ease should be con­sid­ered (72,73). Pe­ri­od­ic screen­ing in asymp­tomat­ic in­di­vid­u­als has been rec­om­mend­ed, but the op­ti­mal fre­quen­cy of screen­ing is un­clear.

Al­though much less com­mon than thy­roid dysfunc­tion and celi­ac dis­ease, other au­toim­mune con­di­tions, such as Ad­di­son dis­ease (pri­ma­ry adrenal insufficien­cy), au­toim­mune hep­ati­tis, au­toim­mune gas­tri­tis, der­mato­myosi­tis, and myas­the­nia gravis, occur more com­monly in the pop­u­la­tion with type 1 di­a­betes than in the gen­er­al pe­di­atric pop­u­la­tion and should be as­sessed and mon­i­tored as clin­i­cally in­di­cated. In ad­di­tion, rel­a­tives of pa­tients should be of­fered test­ing for islet au­toan­ti­bod­ies through re­search stud­ies (e.g., Tri­al­Net) for early di­ag­no­sis of preclin­i­cal type 1 di­a­betes (stages 1 and 2).