Lifestyle Management

3.2.5.0 Sec­tion 5

Ev­i­dence con­tin­ues to sug­gest that there is not an ideal per­cent­age of calo­ries from car­bo­hy­drate, pro­tein, and fat for all peo­ple with di­a­betes. There­fore, more dis­cus­sion was added about the im­por­tance of macronu­tri­ent dis­tri­bu­tion based on an in­di­vid­u­alized as­sessment of cur­rent eat­ing pat­terns, pref­er­ences, and metabol­ic goals. Ad­di­tion­al con­sid­er­a­tions were added to the eat­ing pat­terns, macronu­tri­ent dis­tri­bu­tion, and meal plan­ning sec­tions to bet­ter iden­tify can­di­dates for meal plans, specif­i­cal­ly for low-‍car­bo­hy­drate eat­ing pat­terns and peo­ple who are preg­nant or lac­tat­ing, who have or are at risk for dis­or­dered eat­ing, who have renal dis­ease, and who are tak­ing sodi­um–glu­cose co­trans­porter 2 in­hibitors. There is not a one-‍size-‍fits-‍all eat­ing pat­tern for in­di­vid­u­als with di­a­betes, and meal plan­ning should be in­di­vid­u­alized.

A rec­om­men­da­tion was modified to en­cour­age peo­ple with di­a­betes to de­crease con­sump­tion of both sugar sweet­ened and nonnutritive-sweet­ened bev­er­ages and use other al­ter­na­tives, with an em­pha­sis on water intake.

The sodi­um con­sump­tion rec­om­men­da­tion was modified to elim­i­nate the fur­ther re­stric­tion that was po­ten­tially in­di­cat­ed for those with both di­a­betes and hy­per­ten­sion.

Ad­di­tion­al dis­cus­sion was added to the phys­i­cal ac­tiv­i­ty sec­tion to in­clude the benefit of a va­ri­ety of leisure-‍time phys­i­cal ac­tiv­i­ties and flex­i­bil­i­ty and bal­ance ex­er­cis­es.

The dis­cus­sion about e-‍cigarettes was ex­pand­ed to in­clude more on pub­lic per­cep­tion and how their use to aide smok­ing ces­sa­tion was not more effective than “usual care.”